Farm input costs in the UK have risen by an average of 44% since 2019, according to research by the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board (AHDB).

The study analysed how farming expenses have shifted with inflation between December 2019 and May 2024, based on a 'basket of goods' representing typical farm costs.

Straw prices (for bedding) more than doubled, while electricity, fertiliser, animal feed, and motor fuel costs rose by 38-50%.

The analysis also considered other expenses such as veterinary services, machinery, transport, and labour.

Sector-specific input costs revealed that pig farming experienced the highest increase at 54%, largely driven by rising feed costs.

Dairy farms saw a 44% increase, while beef and sheep farms faced a 39% rise, again with feed being a significant factor.

For cereal and mixed farms, costs climbed by 43%, with fertiliser and machinery expenses being the main contributors.

AHDB senior economist Amandeep Kaur Purewal commented: “Our research highlights the challenges faced by farmers as rising input costs continue to put pressure on their businesses.”

Despite farm input costs rising over 40%, the total funding for UK agriculture has remained steady at £2.4b since the 2019-2024 parliament.

AHDB lead data analyst Megan Hesketh added: “According to our analysis, the farming budget would need to increase by 44% to £3.4b just to offset the effect of inflation.

“This is without taking into account any other spending required to support the farming sector.”